البنية الحجاجية لخطاب أصول الفقه مقاربة تداولية لموقف الإمام الشافعي من حيث خبر الآحاد

Abstract

Islamic usul al-fiqh discourse can be situated within natural forms of discourse that rely on diverse argumentative mechanisms and rhetorical techniques. It is inherently pragmatic, aiming to secure the acceptance and enactment of legal rulings and juristic inferences in the minds of its audience. A close reading of al-Risāla by Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i (d. 204), the founder of Islamic legal theory, reveals his effort to construct a coherent methodological system grounded in a range of proofs and arguments to substantiate his doctrinal views and legal derivations.

This paper examines al-Shafi‘i’s position on solitary (Ahad) reports, seeking to identify the argumentative mechanisms and rhetorical strategies he employs to defend their authority and establish their epistemic and legal validity. It draws on analytical tools developed in contemporary argumentation studies, with the aim of uncovering the types of arguments he uses and the ways in which they are deployed within his discourse.