The role of the Levant’s inhabitants in espionage activity during the era of the Crusades 5-7 AH / 11-13 AD

Abstract

This study aims to shed light on the role of the local population in the Levant during the period of the Crusader presence from 5-7 Ah/11-13 ad, through their involvement in jihad for the sake of Allah, whose conditions were met during that period.

Although it has been historically established that the Islamic leadership did not rely on the local population and the popular resistance to investigate the news of the Crusaders and their movements, it has created a special apparatus assigned to this task, but volunteers from Al-Ayoun have proved their worth at critical times when official means lose their strength, so the study addressed the role of spies and resolving the results of many confrontations, hence the importance of this Although the sources did not mention the names of many of them, the involvement of local residents in the transmission of news enabled many cities to withstand the siege and revealed to the resistance the movements of the Crusaders and their preparations, and also contributed to getting rid of some of the Crusader leaders captured or killed, whose faces posed a real danger to Muslims. all these efforts relieved the pressure on the official or popular Islamic resistance and also raised its morale and broke the morale of the Crusaders.