Dealing with political opposition in Islamic political jurisprudence Ali ibn Abi Talib with the Kharijites as a model

Abstract

The unity of the state, the integrity of the Islamic Society and the legitimacy of the political system are among the most important principles established by the caliphate system in the Islamic State since the reign of the first caliph.with the developments taking place in this society at various levels, the Kharijites emerged as a doctrinal group that touches these principles and foundations at the core. Therefore, the fourth Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, followed a method and methodology in his dealings with this group.

Therefore, this research paper came to answer the problem of how Ali bin Abi Talib dealt with this band through three axes, which were as follows:

The first axis: and we stopped by for a historical glimpse of the kharijite squad.

The second axis: we explained how Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib dealt with this group before taking up arms in the form of a set of next methodological steps, starting with recognizing them for the error of their origins and the deviation of their ideas outside the Muslim community, and thus recognized their general rights in Muslim society.

The third axis: we touched on the transformation of the kharijite squad from a squad with origins and beliefs different from the Islamic nation to a squad that kills the righteousness and immorality of this nation, so Ali ibn Abi Talib's style of dealing with them changed, starting with his intention to avenge the dead of the companions, but their stubbornness and insistence on killing Muslims prevented this, so the imam gave them another security to avoid every fitnah among Muslims, and despite this and the outbreak of fighting, he treated them well.