Movements of Immigration and Asylum between Caliphate and Byzantine Empire until mid-eighth Century

Abstract

Despite the hostile relations that brought together the Caliphate State and the Byzantine Empire, the two countries represented a safe haven for many immigrant elements between the two parties, This paper examines the migration and asylum between the two states during the period from the establishment of the Islamic State until the fall of the Umayyad dynasty in the mid-eighth century. The motives of this phenomenon were multiple and in many cases intertwined and included in general the personal, political and religious raisons. The refugee elements among Muslims and the Byzantines were well received as they were treated with respect in aims to facilitate their integration into the new society, In general the movements of immigration and asylum end in most cases with the permanent residence in the new country, but other cases recorded the return of the refugee elements to their home country after reaching satisfactory arrangement with the authorities.